I never heard of this before! See Stochastic computing . See also Brian Gaines' (2019) brief history of stochastic computing: Origins of Stochastic Computing . See this Nature Communications paper Thermodynamic computing system for AI applications by Denis Melanson, Mohammad Abu Khater, Maxwell Aifer, Kaelan Donatella, Max Hunter Gordon, Thomas Ahle, Gavin Crooks, Antonio J. Martinez, Faris Sbahi & Patrick J. Coles. Also Lattice Random Walk Discretisations of Stochastic Differential Equations by Samuel Duffield, Maxwell Aifer, Denis Melanson, Zach Belateche & Patrick J. Coles. Subscribe to Anastasi in Tech .